1734. Antifungal Prophylaxis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience in Colombia

Abstract Background Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are significant causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Primary antifungal prophylaxis has lowered the IFI cases however there is no clear guidance regarding which mold active agent is most useful if mold-active prophylaxis. We aim to present the incidence of IFI in patients with allogeneic HSCT, and the impact of primary antifungal prophylaxis regimen. Methods Retrospective cohort study. We included patients older than 18 years, with allogeneic HSCT from Fundación Valle del Lili, between January 2008 and April 2017. The patients received antifungal prophylaxis with fluconazole, itraconazole, or posaconazole from conditioning day to +100 post-transplant day. The prophylactic antifungal agent was selected according to the initial diagnosis, transplant type, conditioning regimen and the risk of developing GVHD. All patients received myeloablative conditioning regimens and were hospitalized in laminar airflow rooms during their period with neutropenia. The cases were defined according to the EORTC/MSG Consensus Group. We analyzed patients with probable or confirmed IFI, in the first 120 post-transplant days. Results We enrolled a total of 101 patients who received HSCT over the course of the study. The median age was 32 (23–43). Posaconazole prophylaxis was used in 73%, fluconazole in 18% and itraconazole 10% of the patients. The IFI incidence was 3.9% (4 cases) and the median time from HSCT to the diagnosis of IFI was 60 days. The percentages of patients who experienced probable IFI in the itraconazole arm was 22% (2/9 patients) and in the fluconazole arm 11.1% (2/18), there was no infection in the posaconazole group (P = 0.001). Donor sources were HLA-matched sibling (42%), Haploidentical (48%), and cord blood (10%). The cumulative incidence of grade I–IV aGVHD was 63.4% and that of grade III–IV aGVHD was 37.5%. Conclusion In patients undergoing HSCT posaconazole prevented invasive fungal infections more effectively than did either fluconazole or itraconazole. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.