BiScO3-PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics with Bi excess for energy harvesting applications under high temperature

0.36BiScO3-0.64PbTiO3 ceramic is a competitive piezoelectric material even though it contains lead and volatile Bi contents. It contains a relatively decreased lead content compared to that of the Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 system but it has similar piezoelectric properties with high Curie temperature. However, due to the very volatile component of Bi the 0.36BiScO3-0.64PbTiO3 system has Bi-deficient composition. Therefore, in order to compensate for deficient Bi contents in the 0.36BiScO3-0.64Pb,TiO3 system, excess 0.005, 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02 mol of Bi were added to the ceramics to enhance the piezoelectric properties for the first time. By employing excess Bi addition, the piezoelectric charge coefficient, electromechanical coupling factor, output open circuit voltage, and generated output power density were improved from 417 pC/N, 51.48%, 19.69 V and 0.28 mJ/cm3 to 452 pC/N, 52.25%, 26.93 V and 0.48 mJ/cm3. We expect that piezoelectric properties of 0.36BiScO3-0.64PbTiO3 ceramics were improved by adding Bi excess.