High Potential Risk of Zika Virus Infection Outbreak in Dengue Suspected Cases in Nepal

The viruses in the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, cause disease in humans, including dengue, yellow fever, West Nile and Zika viruses [1]. Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is considered as one of emerging international public health problems worldwide. Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) infection are an arthropod-borne virus that transmitted to human by the bite of infected female mosquito mainly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopiticus [2 4]. The same mosquitoes’ species also transmit the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and yellow fever [5]. DENV is the causative agents for Dengue Fever (DF) and of chronic cases called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), which may lead to Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) in humans. Four DENV serotypes viz DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 are mainly responsible for the disease [6]. According to WHO, DENV infection was reported as most emerging global public health problems with 390 million dengue infections per year globally including the Americas, South-East Asia and the Western Pacific region [7, 8]. Recently research studies revealed that ZIKA infection had similar epidemiology, transmission cycles and also same dispersal routes like DENV and CHIKV infections [9]. Till date, 85 countries has been reported laboratory verification of mosquito-borne ZIKA transmission around the world [10]. For instance, our open porous border country with three sites i.e. India has first reported three laboratory confirmed cases of ZIKV infection in May 2017 and one site border with China also documented first case in 2016 [10]. According to DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV mosquitoes are rapidly widespread throughout the tropical and subtropical developing nations strongly associated with human migration, genotypes increased