Long-Term Changes in Leptin, Chemerin, and Ghrelin Levels Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Aim Published reports showed conflicting results regarding the sustained alterations in leptin, chemerin, and ghrelin concenratios after metabolic surgery. Therefore, we performed the present work to contrast the alterations in leptin, chemerin, and ghrelin levels one year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods The present research is a prospective, comparative one that followed 100 cases for whom RYGB or LSG was done. We assessed the serum values of adiposity-associated mediators, including adipokcytokines (leptin and active chemerin) and gastrointestinal hormones (total ghrelin). The primary outcome in the present study was the alterations in leptin, chemerin, and ghrelin values at 12 months after RYGB and LSG. Results The serum leptin level decreased significantly in the LSG group with a mean change of − 170.8 ± 29.4 ng/mL ( p < 0.001). Similarly, the serum leptin concentration decreased significantly in the RYGB group, with a mean change of − 165.42 ± 53.4 ( p < 0.001). In addition, the mean reduction in baseline chemerin levels 12 months after the operation was considerable in the LSG cohort (− 23.24 ± 9.5 ng/mL) and RYGB group (− 22.12 ± 15.9 ng/mL). The ghrelin values demonstrated a notable reduction in the LSG cohort (− 0.083 ± 0.11 pg/mL) and RYGB group (− 0.068 ± 0.097 pg/mL). However, the changes in the three hormones were not substantially different between both groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusion Both RYGB and LSG result in a considerable, comparable decrease in the postoperative serum concentrations of leptin, chemerin, and ghrelin.