Bioactive paper platform for detection of hydrogen peroxide in milk

This paper describes the development and application of a paper-based analytical device (mu PAD) for the determination of hydrogen peroxide, an important adulterant in milk. The method employs the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and guaiacol, catalyzed by peroxidase, producing a red product, which is then quantified by digital imaging. Experimental design methodology was used to optimize the experimental conditions. The linear concentration range was from 12.5 x 10(-4) to 150 x 10(-4) mol L-1, resulting in the regression equation AB = 0.02466 (+/- 0.00192) + 17.053 (+/- 0.750) C, with an excellent correlation coefficient (r = 0.986). The relative standard deviations obtained were 1.1 and 1.3% (intra-day), and 4.8 and 2.9% (inter-day), for 25.0 x 10(-4) and 100 x 10(-4) mol L-1 of hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification were 3.54 x 10(-4) and 11.8 x 10(-4) mol L-1, respectively, with standard deviation of the blank of 0.002012. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of peroxide in milk samples, with recoveries between 92.2 and 109%. The proposed device constitutes a valuable analytical tool for the identification of hydrogen peroxide adulteration and offers advantages including low cost, simplicity, portability, and no (or minimal) requirement for sample pretreatment. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.