Hyperforin Induces Apoptosis Through Extrinsic/Intrinsic Pathways And Inhibits Nf-Kappa B-Modulated Survival And Invasion Potential In Bladder Cancer

Background/Aim: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has long been recognized as a difficult to treat cancer type, thus a new treatment strategy is needed. The major purpose of the present study was to verify the anticancer effect of hyperforin and the mechanism through which it affects tumor cell growth and invasion in bladder cancer in vitro. Materials and Methods: Bladder cancer TSGH-8301 cells were treated with different concentrations of hyperforin for different durations of time. The changes in cell viability, production of calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and anti-apoptotic signaling were evaluated using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and western blot analysis. The effect of hyperforin on the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappa B) p65 (Ser276), tumor progression-associated proteins, as well as on cell invasion was investigated using western blotting and cell invasion assay, respectively. Results: Hyperforin significantly induces apoptosis, extrinsic/intrinsic apoptotic signaling,