Ionic liquid mediated morphologically improved lanthanum oxide nanoparticles by Andrographis paniculata leaves extract and its biomedical applications

Greener synthesis of ionic liquid (IL) assisted lanthanum oxide (La2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) was followed using Andrographis paniculata leaves extract by hydrothermal method at low temperature. The IL assisted La2O3 (La2O3-IL) NPs were characterized by various properties such as structural, spectral, optical, morphological, and biological studies. Powder X-ray diffraction studies confirm that La2O3-IL NPs crystallize in the form of body-centered cubic structure and average crystalline size is shown ∼43 nm. FTIR and Laser Raman spectroscopy confirm the La–O, O–H and various functional groups. The La–O stretching vibration band attributes at 639 cm−1. The optical property of La2O3-IL NPs was characterized by UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The sharp and intense absorbance peak observed in the UV region at 288 nm can be assigned. In the PL spectrum, we observe two different emission bands like blue and green emission. The morphological and particle size determination were investigated by SEM with EDX spectra and TEM analyses. The agglomerated particles of hexagonal, spherical, and parallelogram shape are observed in the TEM images. The chemical elements, binding energies as well as La metal states on the surface of these synthesized NPs were determined using XPS. La2O3 NPs for good biological activities regarding antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potentials could be utilized in different biological applications to the food and biomedical industries. La2O3-IL has a high percentage of inhibitions than La2O3 and standard diclofenac.