Comparison of microwave and conventionally sintered manganese and niobium doped lanthanum germanate based apatites by Micro Raman Spectroscopy

Materials Chemistry and Physics(2020)

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Abstract
In this paper, the effect of microwave and conventional sintering on doping behaviour of Mn2+ and Nb5+ in lanthanum germanate based apatite have been compared. The precursor of apatite has been prepared by mixed oxide method and conventionally calcined at 1100 °C for 6 h. The resulting powders have been sintered by microwave energy at 1400 °C for 30 min and by conventional heating 1400 °C for 4 h. The products prepared have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Micro Raman spectroscopy, and Vicker's hardness and the results are compared. The apatites of similar compositions sintered by microwave energy have higher density and hardness than the apatites sintered by electric heating.
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Micro Raman spectroscopy,XRD,SEM and hardness
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