Developments in Ozone-Based Bleaching of Pulps

This paper summarizes the review of developments in the area of ozone-based elemental chlorine free (ECF) and total chlorine free (TCF) bleaching of wood and non-wood pulps. Focused areas of review are reaction mechanism of ozone with carbohydrates and lignin, effect of process conditions maintained during ozone bleaching on pulp properties, effect of using different cellulose protectors, effect of alkaline extraction after ozone bleaching of pulps, effect of ozone bleaching on final bleached pulp properties, ECF and TCF bleaching sequences used along with ozone for of wood and non-wood pulps, and commercial scale utilization of ozone for pulp bleaching.