Invasive screening for lower extremity peripheral artery disease: Killing two birds with one stone?

Objectives There is substantial evidence that the majority of cases of lower extremity peripheral artery disease are undetected. As a result, there is great interest in the detection of lower extremity peripheral artery disease through routine screening. However, routine screening of lower extremity peripheral artery disease is still debated. Methods In our cross-sectional study, we included 200 consecutive patients with symptoms suggestive of angina who were undergoing coronary angiography. Irrespective of intermittent claudication, we subsequently performed peripheral angiography to detect lower extremity peripheral artery disease. The predictors of lower extremity peripheral artery disease were analyzed, and the diagnostic utility of these predictors and their combinations were determined. Additionally, the determinants of the amount of radio-opaque material used and peripheral fluoroscopy time were investigated. Results The overall prevalence of lower extremity peripheral disease was 16%. Being older than 65 years, having coronary artery disease and smoking history remained significant predictors after adjusting for other well-known parameters. Having the combination of age >= 65 and smoking was associated with a positive predictive value of 50% (likelihood ratio 5.06), and having all of the predictors was associated with a positive predictive value of 100% (likelihood ratio >1000). Conclusions Routine screening for lower extremity peripheral disease patients undergoing coronary angiography may be useful in selected patients.