Introduction and classical environmental risk factors for Parkinson

Several environmental toxics are known to induce or to increase occurrence of Parkinson disease while other toxics can provoke basal ganglia necrosis and dopa resistant parkinsonism. After this introduction, the relationship between environment and parkinsonism will be illustrated by 3 short papers: interaction gene-environment, manganese induced Parkinsonism and the Caribbean Food toxins Parkinson plus syndromes.