Exposure levels and health damage assessment of dust in a coal mine of Shanxi Province, China

•Monte Carlo simulations were applied for the health damage assessment.•The average concentration of dust ranged from 1.29 to 19.38mg/m3.•The total health risk of workers in various workplaces exceeded the acceptable level.•The workers at driving face were exposed to the largest health damage.•Exposure duration were the major contributors to dust health damage of coal miners.