Bioactive coating on Ti alloy with high osseointegration and antibacterial Ag nanoparticles.

Titanium alloys have advanced mechanical properties jointly with high biocompatibility that make them eminently suitable for biomedical applications such as dental and orthopedic implants. Improvement of their osseointegration with human bone can be achieved by development of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on a Ti alloy surface using different methods of deposition. However, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treatment has been found to be one of the most promising techniques due to the formation of high bonding between bone and the Ti surface. Along with this high bonding, an antibacterial ability of the surface to prevent bacterial infection is also essential. Silver, which is widely applicable antibacterial agent, was used in this work. First, titanium oxide coating containing calcium and phosphorous and Ag nanoparticles was formed by PEO treatment. Then, Ti alloy was subjected to hydrothermal treatment to ensure a crystalline formation of HAp. Morphology and phase composition investigations detected the presence of HAp crystals in coating along with antibacterial agents of silver nanoparticles. Biocompatibility and bioactivity of the created coating were examined by contact angle (CS) measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was shown that the coating was extensively grew after alloy's exposure to simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 7 days with no effect on it by appeared Ag nanoparticles. Antibacterial test using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli revealed that the coating contained Ag nanoparticles has more significant antibacterial effectiveness compared to this that is not contain silver.