Ameloblastoma recurrence associated with ameloblastic fibroma: a rare case report

Ameloblastoma is an aggressive odontogenic tumor with a relatively high recurrence rate. A 60-year-old male patient presented, in a follow-up computed tomography, an osteolytic isodense lesion obliterating the left maxillary sinus and involving the orbit floor, zygomatic bone, and infratemporal fossa. The lesion was asymptomatic, and no facial asymmetry was observed. His past medical history revealed ameloblastoma in the left ramus of the mandible, coronoid process, which was surgically treated 10 years prior. The clinical diagnosis was recurrent ameloblastoma. Excisional biopsy revealed areas of benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm characterized by a cystic cavity lined by ameloblastomatous epithelium and stroma of fibrous connective tissue, and areas of benign mixed odontogenic tumor composed of ameloblastic cells in a myxoid and cell-rich mesenchyma. The final diagnosis was ameloblastoma associated with ameloblastic fibroma. The patient underwent rehabilitation and has been followed up, showing no signs of local complications.