Efficient removal of siloxanes and volatile organic compounds from sewage biogas by an anoxic biotrickling filter supplemented with activated carbon.

•Complete removal of toluene and limonene was achieved at short contact time.•Siloxane bioremoval efficiency increases with the empty bed residence time.•AC as biomass support enhanced the mass transfer of low water-soluble compounds.•AC exhibited a high robustness towards irrigation interruptions and EBRT changes.