[Is it necessary to perform urine culture systematically prior to double J ureteral stent removal?]

Objective. - To assess the value of systematic urine culture before ureteric double j removal. Material and methods. - This prospective audit was performed to assess the validity of our current clinical practice. A cohort of informed patients without clinical signs of urinary tract infection and without predefined risk factors were programmed for ureteral double j stent removal in an outpatient setting. Urine was sampled for culture immediately before the procedure. Patients had to complete a self-questionnaire 15 days following stent removal, inquiring about tolerance and complications which were to be analyzed according to the culture results. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of febrile urinary tract infection. Results. - Among the 56 participants, immediate preoperative urine culture revealed colonization in 9 patients (16.1%) and contamination in 6 patients (10.7%). A significant association was found between bacteriuria and double j placement following surgery with urinary tract injury (P < 0.02) and diabetes (P < 0.009). Two patients had fever including a man with sterile urine and a woman with Staphylococcus Aureus infection. No hospitalization was necessary. Twelve patients reported functional signs with lumbar pain being the most common. There was no significant association between functional signs and patients' clinical characteristics. Conclusion. - This evaluation was not in favor of modifying our protocol of care i.e. the lack of performing neither antibiotic prophylaxis nor systematic urine culture before J J ureteral stent removal in a selected population. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.