Calibration of the Charge and Energy Loss Per Unit Length of the MicroBooNE Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using Muons and Protons

We describe a method used to calibrate the position- and time-dependentresponse of the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber anode wires toionization particle energy loss. The method makes use of crossing cosmic-raymuons to partially correct anode wire signals for multiple effects as afunction of time and position, including cross-connected TPC wires, spacecharge effects, electron attachment to impurities, diffusion, andrecombination. The overall energy scale is then determined usingfully-contained beam-induced muons originating and stopping in the activeregion of the detector. Using this method, we obtain an absolute energy scaleuncertainty of 2% in data. We use stopping protons to further refine therelation between the measured charge and the energy loss for highly-ionizingparticles. This data-driven detector calibration improves both the measurementof total deposited energy and particle identification based on energy loss perunit length as a function of residual range. As an example, the protonselection efficiency is increased by 2% after detector calibration.