Diagonal nematicity in the pseudogap phase of HgBa 2 CuO 4+ δ
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS(2019)
摘要
The pseudogap phenomenon in the cuprates is arguably the most mysterious puzzle in the field of high-temperature superconductivity. The tetragonal cuprate HgBa 2 CuO 4+ δ , with only one CuO 2 layer per primitive cell, is an ideal system to tackle this puzzle. Here, we measure the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy within the CuO 2 plane with exceptionally high-precision magnetic torque experiments. Our key finding is that a distinct two-fold in-plane anisotropy sets in below the pseudogap temperature T * , which provides thermodynamic evidence for a nematic phase transition with broken four-fold symmetry. Surprisingly, the nematic director orients along the diagonal direction of the CuO 2 square lattice, in sharp contrast to the bond nematicity along the Cu-O-Cu direction. Another remarkable feature is that the enhancement of the diagonal nematicity with decreasing temperature is suppressed around the temperature at which short-range charge-density-wave formation occurs. Our result suggests a competing relationship between diagonal nematic and charge-density-wave order in HgBa 2 CuO 4+ δ .
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关键词
Electronic properties and materials,Phase transitions and critical phenomena,Superconducting properties and materials,Science,Humanities and Social Sciences,multidisciplinary
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