Determination of cephalexin residual level using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Residue depletion study in swine.

An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to analyze cephalexin in swine tissues, urine, and feces. Samples were extracted with 1% sulfuric acid, followed by purification using MCX cartridges. Mean recoveries were 95.4%–100.7% with inter-day relative standard deviations of <8.6%. The quantitation limit was 5 μg/kg for fat and urine, and 10 μg/kg for muscle, liver, kidney, and feces. Cephalexin residue depletion was determined using 32 healthy pigs, randomly divided into eight (seven treated and one control) groups. Treated groups were intramuscularly administered 10 mg/kg b.w. five times at 24-h intervals and euthanized 6 h and 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10 days after the last injection. Cephalexin was eliminated rapidly in swine muscle, liver, fat, and feces. The highest concentrations among edible organs were detected in the kidney. Moreover, the longest elimination period of cephalexin in swine was determined in urine. These results indicated that kidney and urine were likely target matrices for cephalexin residue detection in swine.