Rapid processing of perovskite solar cells through pulsed photonic annealing: a review

The performance of materials in perovskite solar cells has garnered a fair amount of interest because they are solution processable and thus a prime target for roll-to-roll coating. The precursor materials are typically prepared in solutions and deposited using common evaporative techniques, some that can be adapted to roll-to-roll manufacturing. However, there are some existing challenges that should be overcome to allow for the films to be stable in ambient conditions such that they can be deposited more cost-effectively. In this work, we report on solution engineering that enables deposition of the perovskite materials in an ambient environment using roll-to-roll applicable technologies. These engineered chemistries were also designed to enable rapid post-processing steps to limit the web length within a conventional oven. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the films achieved consistent morphology and crystallinity, and performed well in solar cell devices. Results of several chemistries and processes will be presented.