Learning Sparse Neural Networks via $\ell_0$ and T$\ell_1$ by a Relaxed Variable Splitting Method with Application to Multi-scale Curve Classification.

We study sparsification of convolutional neural networks (CNN) by a relaxed variable splitting method of $ell_0$ and transformed-$ell_1$ (T$ell_1$) penalties, with application to complex curves such as texts written in different fonts, and words written with trembling hands simulating those of Parkinsonu0027s disease patients. The CNN contains 3 convolutional layers, each followed by a maximum pooling, and finally a fully connected layer which contains the largest number of network weights. With $ell_0$ penalty, we achieved over 99 % test accuracy in distinguishing shaky vs. regular fonts or hand writings with above 86 % of the weights in the fully connected layer being zero. Comparable sparsity and test accuracy are also reached with a proper choice of T$ell_1$ penalty.