Chromatin restriction by the nucleosome remodeler Mi-2β and functional interplay with lineage-specific transcription regulators control B-cell differentiation.

Coordinated induction, but also repression, of genes are key to normal differentiation. Although the role of lineage-specific transcription regulators has been studied extensively, their functional integration with chromatin remodelers, one of the key enzymatic machineries that control chromatin accessibility, remains ill-defined. Here we investigate the role of Mi-2 beta, a SNF-2-like nucleosome remodeler and key component of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD) complex in early B cells. Inactivation of Mi-2 beta arrested differentiation at the large pre-B-cell stage and caused derepression of cell adhesion and cell migration signaling factors by increasing chromatin access at poised enhancers and chromosome architectural elements. Mi-2 beta also supported IL-7R signaling, survival, and proliferation by repressing negative effectors of this pathway. Importantly, overexpression of Bcl2, a mitochondrial prosurvival gene and target of IL-7R signaling, partly rescued the differentiation block caused by Mi-2 beta loss. Mi-2 beta stably associated with chromatin sites that harbor binding motifs for IKAROS and EBF1 and physically associated with these transcription factors both on and off chromatin. Notably, Mi-2 beta shared loss-of-function cellular and molecular phenotypes with IKAROS and EBF1, albeit in a distinct fashion. Thus, the nucleosome remodeler Mi-2 beta promotes pre-B-cell differentiation by providing repression capabilities to distinct lineage-specific transcription factor-based regulatory networks.