A Multi-Band Body-Worn Distributed Exposure Meter for Personal Radio-Frequency Dosimetry in Diffuse Indoor Environments

A multi-band body-worn distributed exposure meter (BWDM) is designed and calibrated for diffuse fields in a reverberation chamber (RC) for personal exposure assessment in indoor environments. The BWDM uses 22 nodes distributed over the torso and measures the incident power density ( $S_{\mathrm{ inc}}$ ) on body for 11 telecommunication bands in the frequency range of 790–5513 MHz. In order to calibrate the measurement device in diffuse fields, a protocol is proposed for on-body calibration of the BWDM. This protocol is applicable to wearable personal exposure meters in general. The BWDM and the proposed calibration protocol are validated in five indoor locations and five frequency bands (the downlink bands at 800, 900, 1800, and 2100 MHz as well as Wi-Fi 2 GHz) using a tri-axial broadband antenna and a spectrum analyzer (SA). The calibration shows that the BWDM has a relatively low measurement uncertainty with a 68% confidence interval on its antenna apertures, in the range 3.4–5.5 dB. A maximum difference of 0.9 dB is obtained for the total exposure in the test areas between the measurements of the BWDM and SA, which is an excellent agreement.