DC shifts, high frequency oscillations, ripples and fast ripples in relation to the seizure onset zone

•High frequency oscillations (HFOs) and infraslow activity (ISA) may help localize the seizure onset zone.•Several studies suggest that resection of areas generating high rates of HFOs results in a favorable surgery outcome.•The value of ISA in epilepsy surgery is not as well supported as that of the HFO, and additional studies are required.•Pathological HFOs can be coupled to interictal spikes, associated with delta waves, or have stereotypical morphologies.