Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: Mechanisms, Risk Factors and the Role of the Nurse

Epilepsy is a disease that can have significant effects upon a person's life. A subject discussed less frequently is sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). This article summarises the main risk factors for its occurrence; notably, seizure types, medications management and sleeping position. It discusses potential pathophysiological mechanisms, including the emerging research on laryngospasm and the role that genetics may play in increasing risk. Finally, it identifies several nursing responsibilities within the structure of a SUDEP checklist that have been shown to improve patient outcomes. It discusses how these responsibilities are underpinned by patient education and the need for all nurses to develop their own knowledge of epilepsy and SUDEP to facilitate this.