Effects of waterlogging stress at different growth stages on the photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of spring maize (Zea mays L.) Under field conditions

•Biomass and yield were reduced as a result of the decreased Photosynthetic capacity under waterlogging stress.•The lowest biomass and yield for spring maize were measured under 6 days’ waterlogging and 15 day’ subsurface waterlogging.•The most significant effects of waterlogging on growth and yield of maize occurred at V3 stage, followed by V6 and VT stage.