Motifs de Consultation des Femmes au Centre de Dermatologie du CHU de Treichville à Abidjan : Aspects Épidémiologiques et Cliniques à Propos de 100 Cas

RESUME Objectif. Decrire le profil epidemiologique et les principales pathologies diagnostiquees chez les patientes consultant au Centre de Dermatologie du CHU de Treichville. Methodologie. etude transversale descriptive menee d’Avril a Juillet 2010. Les variables d’etude etaient les donnees sociodemographiques et le type de pathologie. Resultats. 100 patientes ont ete incluses, avec une moyenne d’âge de 32 ans. 35% d’entre elles avaient un niveau d’etudes superieures et provenaient a 83% du district d’Abidjan. Les dermatoses liees aux etats d’hypersensibilite (42,88%), les dermatoses infectieuses (20%), les dermatoses sebacees (12,39%), tumorales (10,50%) et pigmentaires (8,56%) etaient les principaux groupes d’affections cutanees recenses. Les dermatoses liees aux etats d’hypersensibilite regroupaient les eczemas (10,47%), les eczematides (6,67%), l’urticaire (6,67%), le lupus erythemateux chronique (4,76%). L’acne etait l’affection sebacee la plus diagnostiquee 10,47%. Parmi les dermatoses infectieuses, les mycoses cutanees representaient 9,52%, suivies des dermatoses bacteriennes (3,80%). L’ochronose exogene (4,76%) et le vitiligo (2,85%) etaient les principaux troubles pigmentaires. On notait 2,85% de tumeurs malignes et 7,63% de tumeurs benignes. Conclusion : les dermatoses inflammatoires sont la pathologie dominante chez les femmes consultant au Centre de Dermatologie du CHU de Treichville a Abidjan et elles sont souvent liees a des etats d’hypersensibilite. L’acne est la pathologie la plus couramment diagnostiquee. La dermatose infectieuse est essentiellement mycosique. L’ochronose exogene est le principal trouble pigmentaire. ABSTRACT Aim. To describe the epidemiology and the distribution of skin diseases among women consulting at the Dermatology Center of the University Hospital of Treichville. Methods. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted from April to July 2010. Our study variables were sociodemographic data and final diagnosis. Results. One hundred patients were studied. Their average age was 32 years. Thirty-five percent (35%) had a high education level and 83% came from the district of Abidjan. Pathologies related to hypersensitivity conditions (42.88%), infectious dermatoses (20%), sebaceous (12.39%), tumoral (10.50%) and pigmentary disorders (8.56%) were the main groups of skin diseases identified in the study. Dermatoses related to hypersensitivity included eczema (10.47%), eczematids (6.67%), urticaria (6.67%), chronic lupus erythematosus (4.76%). Acne was the most diagnosed sebaceous condition 10.47%). Skin mycoses (9.52%) were the most common infectious dermatoses followed by bacterial dermatoses (3.80%). Exogenous ochronosis was the main pigmentary disorder (5 cases), followed by vitiligo (3 cases). There were 2.85% of cancerous tumors and 7.63% of benign tumors. Conclusion. The prevailing dermatoses among women consulting at the Dermatology Center of the University Hospital of Treichville are inflammatory skin diseases. Nearly half of them are hypersensitivity dermatoses. Acne is the most common sebaceous skin disease in women. Infectious dermatosis are mostly mycotic. Exogenous ochronosis is the main pigmentary disorder.