Perceptions of integrated crop-livestock systems for sustainable intensification in the Brazilian Amazon

•Structural factors shape farmers’ perceptions of integrated crop livestock systems.•Adopters perceived large advantages from adopting ICLS, while most non-adopters did not.•Supply chain and labor market limitations are perceived adoption barriers.•Perceived unsupportive regulations and preferences for existing traditions also impede adoption.•Improved credit, land tenure, infrastructure, and rural education may improve adoption.