CFD experiments on a low crested sloping top caisson breakwater. Part 2. Analysis of plume impact

Walkden et al. (2001) showed that severe impact events could be generated at the inner face of a sloping top caisson breakwater, as a consequence of violent wave overtopping. The authors employed the pressure impulse theory proposed by Cooker and Peregrine (1995), to develop a method capable of predicting the magnitude and distribution of loadings at the wall. It was finally recognized air trapped between the overtopping jet and the structure to have a primary role in transferring momentum to the free surface of the protected basin.