Nanocellulose-templated assembly of polyaniline in natural rubber-based hybrid elastomers toward flexible electronic conductors

•A combined reinforcing and conductive network with a 3D hierarchical structure was constructed in NR by introducing well-dispersed CNF-PANI complexes.•The CNF-PANI/NR elastomer exhibited high flexibility, strength, stretchability and conductivity.•The elastomer-based sensor could monitor the real-time motion of human body, and the elastomer-based electrode demonstrated promising electrochemical performances.