Health Benefit Assessment of China’s National Action Plan on Air Pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area

To evaluate the effect of China's National Action Plan on Air Pollution (NAPAP), we assessed the health benefits of PM2.5 remediation under the NAPAP from 2013 to 2017 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) area using a relative risk model with real PM2.5 monitoring data and recent statistical research data. The results revealed that the PM2.5 concentration in the BTH area decreased by 36 mu g m(-3)(34.0%) under the NAPAP. PM2.5-related mortality resulting from all causes, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and lung cancer decreased to 58.1-65.2% of that in 2013; 102,133 PM2.5-related deaths were avoided, indicating a greater efficacy than the U.S. Cross-State Air Pollution Rule. These results demonstrated that the NAPAP is effective and can be used by other countries as a reference in enacting similar statutes.