Neural circuits regulating sexual behaviors via the olfactory system in mice

•The repertoire of identified sexual behavior-relevant olfactory cues is expanding.•The amygdala plays a role in processing information of the olfactory cues.•The dopaminergic system plays a role in regulating appetitive sexual behaviors.•The hypothalamus plays a role in controlling consummatory sexual behaviors.•Internal states modulate sensorimotor processing during sexual behavior.