Optimal Pole Number and Winding Designs for Low Speed–High Torque Synchronous Reluctance Machines

This paper studies the feasibility of using synchronous reluctance machines (SynRM) for low speed-high torque applications. The challenge lies in obtaining low torque ripple values, high power factor, and, especially, high torque density values, comparable to those of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs), but without resorting to use permanent magnets. A design and calculation procedure based on multistatic finite element analysis is developed and experimentally validated via a 200 Nm, 160 rpm prototype SynRM. After that, machine designs with different rotor pole and stator slot number combinations are studied, together with different winding types: integral-slot distributed-windings (ISDW), fractional-slot distributed-windings (FSDW) and fractional-slot concentrated-windings (FSCW). Some design criteria for low-speed SynRM are drawn from the results of the study. Finally, a performance comparison between a PMSM and a SynRM is performed for the same application and the conclusions of the study are summarized.