湘东地区农田野生植物资源的研究与应用 The Research and Application of Wild Plant Resources of Farmland in Eastern Regions of Hunan

通过对湘东地区农田野生植物资源的调查研究，总结出来该地区农田野生植物资源的物种名录、发生情况及综合应用情况。通过野外实地调查、标本采集、分类鉴定和资料考证，该地区野生植物种类共有132种，隶属52科；不同农田生境中野生植物种类繁多，物种数量都在20种以上，且植物群落组成多种多样，优势种也不尽相同；132种农田野生植物均有药用价值，野菜、食用类植物有33种占25%，蜜源植物类有24种，占18.18%，绿化、观赏类植物共27种，占20.45%，动物饲料、绿肥类植物有32种，占24.24%。此次调查研究可为该地区解决农业生产难题、保护物种多样性、提高对农田野生植物资源的综合应用提供科学依据。 Based on the investigation on wild plant resources of farmland in eastern regions of Hunan, the list of species, occurrence dynamics and comprehensive application of wild plant resources of farmland in this area were summed up. Open field investigation, specimen collection, identification and document research demonstrated that there were 132 species of wild plant resources, belonging to 52 families; there were a variety of wild plants with more than 20 species, the structure of plant communities was various and dominant species were also different as the habitat was different; these 132 species of wild plants in farmland were all of medical value, among which, there were 33 species of edible wild herbs and plants with a proportion of 25%, 24 species of nectar source plants with a proportion of 18.18%, 27 species of landscaping and ornamental plants with a proportion of 20.45%, 32 species of plants for animal feed and green manure with a proportion of 24.24%. It would provide the scientific basis for solving the problem of agricultural production, protecting the species diversity and improving the comprehensive application of wild plant resources of farmland.