Minimal architecture zinc–bromine battery for low cost electrochemical energy storage

We demonstrate a minimal-architecture zinc-bromine battery that eliminates the expensive components in traditional systems. The result is a single-chamber, membrane-free design that operates stably with 490% coulombic and 460% energy efficiencies for over 1000 cycles. It can achieve nearly 9 W h L-1 with a cost of <$100 per kWh at-scale.