Caracterização botânica-agronômica e do óleo essencial de acessos de manjericão

Objetivou-se realizar a caracterizacao de quatro acessos e duas cultivares de manjericao por caracteristicas fitoquimicas do oleo essencial e botânico-agronomicas em diferentes epocas de colheita. O experimento foi instalado utilizando-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcela subdivida, com quatro repeticoes. As parcelas consistiram de quatro acessos e duas cultivares de manjericao e as subparcelas por cinco epocas de amostragem. A analise de agrupamento por meio do metodo Tocher, utilizando as caracteristicas botânico-agronomicas e fitoquimicas do oleo essencial, promoveu o agrupamento dos acessos silvestres no mesmo grupo evidenciando similaridade entre eles. Os acessos coletados na mesma regiao formaram grupo conjuntos. Observou-se variacao na constituicao dos grupos pelos acessos nas diferentes epocas de avaliacao por caracteristicas botânico-agronomicas. A divergencia genetica entre acessos e cultivares de manjericao, avaliada por caracteristicas botânico-agronomicas, foi influenciada pelo estadio de desenvolvimento da especie. A localizacao geografica teve influencia na caracterizacao e avaliacao da divergencia genetica entre os acessos. Os constituintes majoritarios presentes no oleo essencial das amostras avaliadas foram o linalol, nas cultivares, e o ( E )- cinamato de metila, nos acessos silvestres.  Characterization botanical-agronomic and essential oil of basil accessions Abstract : The objective of this study was to characterize four accessions and two basil cultivars by phytochemical characteristics of essential oil and botanical-agronomic in different harvest times. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design in a subdivided plot scheme with four repetitions. The plots consisted of four accessions and two basil cultivars and the subplots for five sampling times. The grouping analysis by the method Tocher use botanical-agronomic and phytochemicals of essential oil traits, was efficient in the evaluation of genetic divergence between the accessions and cultivars of basil, as promoted the grouping of the wild accessions in the same group evidencing similarity between them. The accessions collected in the same region formed group together. Variation was observed for the group constitutions by accessions in the different sampling times by botanical-agronomical traits. The genetic divergence among basil accessions and cultivars, evaluated by botanical-agronomical traits, was influenced by development stage of specie. The geographical location influenced the characterization and evaluation of genetic divergence among accessions. The major constituents present in the essential oil of the samples were linalool, in cultivars, and ( E ) - methyl cinnamate in wild accessions.