Évolution des paramètres biochimiques chez les vaches laitières supplémentées par le maïs et le tourteau d’arachide dans la région de Kaolack (Sénégal)

Objectif: L’objectif de cette etude etait d’analyser l’evolution de quelques parametres biochimiques chez les vaches laitieres supplementees a base de mais et du tourteau d’arachide. Methodologie et Resultats: Trente-huit vaches ont ete selectionnees dans 8 villages de la region de Kaolack, Senegal dont 20 vaches ont constitue le lot experimental et 18 le lot temoin. Le lot experimental a beneficie d’une supplementation alimentaire quotidienne de 0,5kg de mais et 1,5kg de tourteau d’arachide par vache. Des prelevements de sang realises avant l’experimentation et pendant l’experimentation, ont servi au dosage des parametres biochimiques. Au deuxieme prelevement, l’albuminemie du lot experimental etait plus elevee par rapport a celle du lot temoin. La concentration moyenne en magnesium du lot temoin etait plus faible au second prelevement par rapport au premier prelevement (pu003c0,05). Dans les deux lots, la phosphoremie a augmente au fil du temps. Conclusion et application der resultats: L’alimentation entraine des variations significatives d’un certain nombre de parametres biochimiques. Cette etude a permis de montrer que certains parametres biochimiques etaient ameliores grâce a une complementation alimentaire. Ainsi l’etat nutritionnel des vaches laitieres des elevages traditionnels pourrait etre evalue par le dosage de ces parametres biochimiques. Mots cles: Parametres biochimiques, vache laitiere, complementation alimentaire, Senegal English Title: Changes in biochemical parameters of dairy cows supplemented with maize and groundnut cake in the region of Kaolack (Senegal) English Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in some biochemical parameters in dairy cows due to supplement feeding of maize and groundnut cake. Methodology and Results: Thirty- eight cows were selected in 8 villages in the region of Kaolack, Senegal, of which, 20 cows formed the experimental group and 18 in the control group. The experimental group received a daily dietary supplementation of 0.5kg of maize and 1.5kg of groundnut cake per cow. Blood samples collected before the experiment and during the experiment, were used for the analysis of the biochemical parameters. During the second blood sample collection, albuminemia in experimental group was higher compared to the control group and the. The average concentration of magnesium in the control group was lower in the second blood sampling compared to the first blood collection (pu003c0.05). In both groups, serum phosphoremia increased over time. Conclusion and application of results: The feeding causes significant changes in a number of biochemical parameters. This study has shown that some biochemical parameters were improved through dietary supplementation. Thus, the nutritional status of dairy cows in traditional farms might be assessed by the analysis of these biochemical parameters. Keywords: biochemical parameters, dairy cow, feed complementation, Senegal