Genetic diagnosis of seronegative (HIV−) partner of female patient with AIDS in the context of HIV transmission

Abstract Aim Complex genetic diagnosis of seronegative (HIV−) long-term partner of female patient with AIDS C3 in the context of HIV transmission. Case report and literature review. Background HIV infection was excluded in 47-year-old man, a long-term sexual partner of female patient diagnosed with AIDS C3. The risk of HIV infection was estimated as high. Objective We focused on the genetic diagnosis of serodiscordant couple. We determined the presence of CCR5-Δ32 , CCR2-64I , HLA-B , killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor ( KIR ) and their ligand genes and human endogenous retroviruses K113 and K115. Methods Genotyping was performed using PCR methods. Results Analysis of partneru0027s genotype revealed the presence of CCR5-Δ32/Δ32 and KIR genes encoding activating receptors ( KIR2DS1 , 2DS5 , 3DS1 ), features associated with reduced risk of HIV transmission. Similarities in patientu0027s and her partneru0027s HLA ( HLA-B*51 ) and similar inhibitory KIR repertoire and their ligands ( KIR2DL1+HLA-C2 , KIR2DL3+HLA-C1 , KIR3DL1+HLA-B Bw4-80Ile ) could favor the transmission of the virus. Conclusion Genetic diagnosis is not routinely recommended, observation of exposed and uninfected individuals would allow to implement new knowledge into more effective care.