Antidiabetic potential and enzyme kinetics of benzothiazole derivatives and their non-bonded interactions with α-glucosidase and α-amylase

Benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized and their antidiabetic potential evaluated using α-glucosidase, α-amylase, non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin and advanced glycation end product inhibition assays. Compound 3l showed low IC 50 values of 0.31, 0.98, 0.59 and 0.19 mM in α-amylase, α-glucosidase, non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin and AGE inhibition assays, respectively, and outperformed the standard acarbose. Enzyme kinetic studies revealed that it has a K i of 0.39 and 1.5 mM for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. The non-bonded interactions of 3l with α-amylase (3OLD) and α-glucosidase (2ZE0) showed that it binds in the active site pocket and is surrounded by residues Asp197, Glu233, Asp300 in 3OLD and Asp199, Glu256, Asp326 in 2ZE0.