Ground State Phases Of Distorted S=1 Diamond Chains

The ground states of distorted S = 1 diamond chains are investigated for two types of distortion called type A and B [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 79, 114703 (2010)]. For the type A distortion, Haldane phases with and without spontaneous translational symmetry breakdown are present for large values of parameter lambda that parametrize the strength of frustration. For small lambda, the Haldane phase and two quantized ferrimagnetic phases in the undistorted chain remain stable even for strong distortion. In contrast, for the type B distortion, the quantized ferrimagnetic phases with and without spontaneous translational symmetry breakdown are present for large lambda. The partial ferrimagnetic phases emerge between them. For small lambda, two quantized ferrimagnetic phases remain and the partial ferrimagnetic phases also emerge between them. The Haldane phase between the two kinds of ferrimagnetic phases turns into a topologically trivial double Haldane phase for stone distortion.