Effect of far infrared drying on antioxidant property, anti-inflammatory activity, and inhibitory activity in A549 cells of Gamguk ( Chrysanthemum indicum L.) flower

This research demonstrated and compared the effects of shade and far infrared drying (FIRD) of gamguk ( Chrysanthemum indicum L., CE) flowers extract on total phenolic (TP), total flavonoid (TF) content, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The research data revealed that the TP and TF contents were highest in FIRD treated CE flower extracts. Similarly, the effect of CE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells showed in a dose dependent manner. Further, the CE inhibited the tumor necorsis factor (TNF)-α, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression, and prostaglandis E 2 (PGE 2 ) production. The anticancer activity was monitored in A549 lung cancer cell, which showed that FIRD treated CE inhibited cell proliferation significantly ( p <0.05) higher in dose and time dependent manner.