Interference mitigation for GNSS receivers with dual-polarised sensitive arrays in the joint space–frequency–polarisation domain

For global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers with dual-polarised sensitive arrays (DPSAs), two beamforming algorithms, which can mitigate interferences and preserve GNSS signals in the joint space-frequency-polarisation domain, are proposed. Firstly, the space-frequency-polarisation adaptive processing (SFPAP) architecture is put forward, where the received signal is divided into several frequency bins so that the narrowband array processing technique can be applied. After that, the received signal model corresponding to the SFPAP architecture is established, based on which the covariance matrix for each frequency bin is estimated. Furthermore, two beamforming algorithms based on the SFPAP architecture are proposed for GNSS receivers. Especially, the constraints corresponding to the two proposed SFPAP algorithms are designed to cancel interference and meanwhile form beams towards the desired GNSS satellites in the joint space-frequency-polarisation domain. Moreover, the computational complexity between the proposed SFPAP algorithms and the corresponding space-time-polarisation adaptive processing algorithms is compared. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithms are effective in cancelling interferences and steering beams towards the desired GNSS satellites in the joint space-frequency-polarisation domain.