Development and characterization of a complete set of Triticum aestivum – Roegneria ciliari s disomic addition lines

Key message A complete set wheat- R. ciliaris disomic addition lines (DALs) were characterized and the homoeologous groups and genome affinities of R. ciliari s chromosomes were determined. Abstract Wild relatives are rich gene resources for cultivated wheat. The development of alien addition chromosome lines not only greatly broadens the genetic diversity, but also provides genetic stocks for comparative genomics studies. Roegneria ciliari s (genome S c S c Y c Y c ), a tetraploid wild relative of wheat, is tolerant or resistant to many abiotic and biotic stresses. To develop a complete set of wheat- R. ciliaris disomic addition lines (DALs), we undertook a euplasmic backcrossing program to overcome allocytoplasmic effects and preferential chromosome transmission. To improve the efficiency of identifying chromosomes from S c and Y c , we established techniques including sequential genomic in situ hybridization/fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular marker analysis. Fourteen DALs of wheat, each containing one pair of R. ciliaris chromosomes pairs, were characterized by FISH using four repetitive sequences [p Ta794 , p Ta71 , RcAfa and (GAA) 10 ] as probes. One hundred and sixty-two R. ciliaris -specific markers were developed. FISH and marker analysis enabled us to assign the homoeologous groups and genome affinities of R. ciliaris chromosomes. FHB resistance evaluation in successive five growth seasons showed that the amphiploid, DA2Y c , DA5Y c and DA6S c had improved FHB resistance, indicating their potential value in wheat improvement. The 14 DALs are likely new gene resources and will be phenotyped for more agronomic performances traits.