Developments and research directions in pipe jacking and microtunneling

This paper provides a review of the history and development of pipe jacking and microtunneling methods with extensive referencing to the published literature. The application of such methods in comparison with other trenchless technologies is discussed and the various planning, design and construction aspects are introduced. The emphasis of the paper is to trace the academic research and field monitoring results covering critical aspects of design and construction with a particular emphasis on jacking force estimation and the effect of lubrication on jacking forces. (C) 2020 Tongji University and Tongji University Press. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.