Microthlaspi erraticum (Jord.) T. Ali et Thines has a wide distribution, ranging from the Alps to the Tien Shan

•Microthlaspi erraticum and M. perfoliatum are confirmed as distinct species.•Two distinct subclades of M. perfoliatum s.l. are from Western Europe.•A third distinct subclade is found throughout the entire range.•Microthlaspi erraticum is more homogenous, most divergent clades from the Balkans.•Microthlaspi erraticum is not restricted to central Europe but ranges from there to the Tien Shan.