The Emerging Pattern and Preventive Measure of Maize Cold Damage in the Sanjiang River Plain

The influence of various maize maturity duration on the physiology, yield in low temperature, and the relation between weather datum and maize output in Baoqing, Jamusi, Tangyuan etc. have been analyzed. It showed that the cold damage would occur every 3-4 years, the weather probability is 28%,severe cold damage occured every 5 years. The cold damage pattern is postponing one and the sensitive stage of cold damage is in June. It can reduce the energy and capacity of germination, depress the growth of plant, and decrease the dry matter accumulation rate The damaged plant would devrease the yield by 22.5%～34.3%. The suggested preventive measures to cold damage are selecting early maturity hybrids, sowing earlier covering cultivalion with plastic film, transplanting the seedling, fertilizing and field management properly.