Study of fullerene-based molecular nanostructures in planetary nebulae.

The main goal of this thesis is to unveil some questions related to the formation of complex fullerene-based molecules in space, with the aim of resolving some key problems in astrophysics. The unexpected detections of fullerenes and graphene (possible C24) in the H-rich circumstellar environments of evolved stars indicate that these complex molecules are not so rare and bring the idea that other forms of carbon such as hydrogenated fullerenes (fulleranes), buckyonions, and carbon nanotubes may be widespread in the Universe, being closely involved in many aspects of circumstellar/interstellar chemistry and physics. We explore this new and fertile field of research by focusing our study on some Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) that contain fullerenes. In order to do this, we make use of laboratory spectra of several fullerene-related compounds and compare them with astronomical data. This work is a first step to open up a new field of interdisciplinary research, crossing the boundaries between astronomers, chemists, and physicists, and understand the significant presence of fullerene structures in circumstellar/interstellar environments.