Estimating exposure and noise of space target image with bidirectional reflectance distribution function

A modeling method is proposed for the visible light scattering characteristics of space objects, and a bidirectional reflection distribution function is introduced based on the radiation theory, using a material micro-surface based on Davies model. The visible light scattering characteristics of a spatial target are studied by the model. The different material irradiance of space target is simulated respectively, and the specific camera parameters are combined: 1. To analyze the range of gray values after space target imaging for different exposure times, 2. To calculates the possible signal-to-noise ratio of the image by calculating the noise of the camera imaging. At last, the suitable exposure time can be determined by the extremum of gray value, which can avoid the occurrence of excessive exposure or the analysis and evaluation of the quality of space visible light imaging combined with the noise.