Interface-Active Metal Organic Frameworks for Knoevenagel Condensations in Water

It is desirable but challenging to locate solid catalysts at the oil-water interface to stabilize "Pickering emulsions", which is one of the promising ways to developefficient green chemical processes. Herein, water-stable metal organic framework ZIF-8 without any chemical modification was demonstrated to be an interface-active catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation in a biphasic system. Pickering emulsion formed under the reaction conditions due to its amphiphilic property, which was beneficial to the mass transfer and led to high catalytic performance. Moreover, it can be repeatedly applied for Knoevenagel condensation for at least six successive cycles without losing its catalytic activity and framework integrity.