+45t > G Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Of Adiponectin Gene: Is It A Factor In Childhood Obesity?

Aim: Childhood obesity is increasing in incidence and is strongly associated with obesity in adulthood. Several studies to explain the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of obesity have been performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between +45T>G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and childhood obesity. Material and Method: 268 obese and 185 healthy (control) children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were enrolled. Laboratory tests including fasting glucose, insulin level, and lipid profile were drawn only from the obese participants. The +45T>G SNP in adiponectin gene was analyzed from the members of both groups by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Results: The genotype frequencies of the adiponectin gene for +45 locus in exon 2 were 77.9%, 19.1%, and 3% in obese subjects and 72.1%, 23.5%, and 4.4% in the control group for TT, TG, and GG respectively (p=0.357), with the allelic frequency of the G allele 12.5% in obese subjects and 16.1% in controls (p=0.129). When we compared different adiponectin genotypes, there wasn't any significant difference in frequencies of TT genotype (wild type) and non-TT (TG+GG) genotypes between the obese and control groups (p=0.162). Also, comparing GG genotype and non-GG (TG+TT) genotypes revealed no significant difference between the obese and control groups (p=0.439). Among obese subjects there were no significant relationships between different genotypes and clinical characteristics such as presence of hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), hypertension, and insulin resistance. Discussion: In conclusion, in the present study, in a well-described obese and a control group of pediatric patients, we observed a lack of association between the +45T>G SNP and childhood obesity and its traits.